PHOTOGRAPHY TIMELINE

 Here is a brief time timeline of the various breakthroghs with a description of it's importance.
5th - 4th Centuries B.C Chinese and Greek philosophers describe the basic principles of optics and the camera.
1664 - 1666 Isaac Newton discovers that white light is composed of different colours.
1727 Johann Heinrich Schulze discovered that silver nitrate darkened upon exposure to light.
1794 First Panorama opens, the forerunner of the movie house invented by Robert Baker.
1814 Joseph Niepce achieves first photographic image using an early device for projecting real - life imagery called a camera obcura.
1826 The world's first photography is taken by Joseph Niepce in France using a procedure called "Heliograph".
1837 Louis Daguerre's first "Daguerreotype", an image thet was fixed and did not fade and needed under thirty minutes of light exposure.
1839 The worlds first selfie taken by a Robert Cornelius.
1840 First american patent issued in photography to Alexander Wolcott for his camera.
1841 William Henry Talbot patents the "Calotype" process, the first negative - positive process making possible the first multiple copies.
1843 First advertisement with a photograph is published in Philadelphia.
1851 Frederick Scott Archer invented the collodion process so that images required only two or three seconds of light exposure.
1859 Panoramic camera, called the "Sutton", is patented.
1861 The World's first photoshop. The head of Abraham Lincoln is placed on a more noble body.
1861 Oliver Wendell Holmes invents "Stereocope" viewer.
1865 Photographs and photographic negatives are added to ptotected works under copyright law.
1871 Richard Leach Maddox invented the gelatin dry plate and silver bromide process, which means negatives no longer had to be developed immediately.
1880 Eastman Dry Plate Company is founded.
1884 George Eastman invents flexible, paper - based photographic film.
1885 Eastman invents Kodak roll - film camera. 
1888 Eastman patents and Kodak roll- film camera goes on sale.
1898 Reverend Hannibal Goodwin patents celluloid photographic film.
1900 First mass - marketed camera, called the "Brownie", goes on sale.
1913-14 First 35mm still camera is developed.
1927 General Electric invents the modern flash bulb.
1932 First light meter with photoelectric cell is introduced.
1935 Kodak markets "Kodachrome film".
1941 Kodak introduces "Kodacolour" negative film.
1942 Chester Carlson receives a patent for electric photography.
1948 Edwin Land launches and markets the "Polaroid" camera.
1954 Kodak introduces high - speed Tri-X film.
1960 EG&G develops extreme depth underwater camera for U.S.Navy.
1963 Polaroid introduces instant color film.
1968 Photograph of the Earth is taken from the Moon. The photograph, Earthrise, is considered one of the most influental enviromental photographs ever taken.
1973 Polaroid introduces one-step instant photography with the SX-70 camera.
1975 The first digital camera was invented by young engenier Steve Sasson who were working in Kodak.
1977 Pioneers George Eastman and Edwin Land are inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame.
1978 Konica introduces the first point-and-shoot autofocus camera.
1980 Sony demomstrates first consumer camcorder for capturing movie picture.
1984 Canon demonstrates first digital electronic still camera.
1985 Pixar introduces digital imaging processor.
1990 Kodak announces Photo Compact Disc as a digital image storage medium.
1990's Digital revolution.
1999 Kyocera Corporation introduces the VP-210 VisualPhone, the world's first mobile phone with built-in camera for recording photos and videos.

HISTORY OF PHOTOGRAPHY: PART 1

Photography. Now for the 21^st century it is not an innovation. We used to make some pictures when we have the moment that we want to capture and remember for a long period of time. Today it is prettty simple because, you can take photos at each step and whereever you want. All you need is your smartphone. Just unlock it and then open a camera, now you can capture the world as you see it. In just a couple of minutes you will have tens of new photographes. But, had you ever thought about why and how photocameras had been created or about historical facts and researches on this theme? Now I want to tell you about the history of photography.

Everything had started by the scientist Sir John F.W Herschel in 1839. He was the first who used therm "Photography". Photography is a word derived from the Greek words photos ("light") and graphein ("to draw"). It is a method of recording images by the action of light or related radiation into a sensitive material.

THE FIRST PHOTOGRAPH: On a summer day in 1827, Joseph Niecephore Niepce developed the first photographic image with a cameraobscura. Prior to Niepce, people just used the camera obscurafor viewing or drawing purposes, not for making photographs. By letting light draw the picture, Niepce's heliographs, or sun prints as they were called, were the prototype for the modern photograph.

Niepce placed an engraving into a metal plate coated in bitumen and then exposed it to light. The shadowy areas of the engraving blocked light, but the whiter areas permitted light to react with the chemicals on the plate. When Niepce placed the metal plate in a solvent, gradually an image, until then invisible, appeared/

However, Niepce's photograph required eight hours of light exposure to create and would soon fade away.

DAGUERRE AND NIEPCE: Daguerre was the inventor of the first practical process of photography in 1829, he formed a partnershipcwith Niepce to improve the process Niepce had developed. In 1839, followingseveral years of experimentation and Niepce's death, Daguerre developed a more confident and effective method of photography and named it after himself.

Daguerre's daguerrotype process started by fixing the images into a sheet of silver-plated copper. Then he polished the silver and ccoated it in iodine, creating a surface that was sencetive to light. Then, he put the plate in a camera and exposed it for a few minutes. After the image was painted by light, Daguerre bathed the plate in a solution of silver chloride. This process created a lasting image that would not change if exposed to light.

In 1839, Daguerre and Niepce's son sold the rights for the daguerreotype to the French goverment and published a booklet describing the process. The daguerreotype gained popularity quickly and by 1850, there were over seventy daguerreotype studios in New York City.

WET PLATE NEGATIVES: In 1851, Frederick Scoff Archer, an English sculptor, invented the wet plate negative. Using a viscous solution of collodion, he coated glass with light-sensitive silver salts.

Because it was glass and not paper, This wet plate created a more stable and detailed negative.

Photography advanced considerably once sensitized matherials could be coated on a plate glass. However, wet plates had to be developed quickly before the emulsion dried. In the field, this meant carrying along portable darkroom.

DRY PLATE NEGATIVES AND HAND-HELD CAMERAS: In 1879, the dry plate was invented, a glass negative plate with a dried gelattin emulsion. Dry plates could be stored for a period of time. This meant photographers no longer needed portable darkrooms and could now hire technicians to develop their photographs. Dry processes absorbed light so rapidly that the hand-held camera was now possible.

COLOR PHOTOGRAPHS: In the early 1940s, commercially viable color films were bought to the market. These films used the modern tecnology of dye-coupled colors in which a chemical process connects the three dye layers  together to create an apparent color image.

Article about 20 first photos from the history of phography: https://petapixel.com/2015/05/23/20-first-photos-from-the-history-of-photography/

The History of Photography in 5 Minutes

Being a celebrity: a dream or a nightmare?

Each of us ever thought about "How celebrities live?" and what kind of daily routine they have? But, who said being famous was always fun? Let's consider advantages and disadvantages of being a celebrity.
First of all for advantages I would like to include that everybody knows them. Almost everywhere they have benefit or a bonus like getting a table in a famous restorant or tickets for kino premiere. Another advantage is that they can make a contribution to society or they can be ambitious.
On the other hand, there is also some disadvantages like: loss your privacy, being under the lens of paparazzi and fans. And some of your fans really know everything about you and your private life. Another disadvantage is that perhaps your close friends aren't such a good friends and they go out with you about your fame.
In conclution I would say that be a celebrity could be great. However, you can forget about what kind of famous you want to be.

 

Risk and danger.

We use words "risk" and "danger" when we speaking of something that can happen to harm us. Of course these two words have similarity in their meanings but they also have a differences between them. Are you ever thought about it? Probably in the rythm of life and permanent employment we can`t think about something else.

Lets consider meaning of word "Risk". As the rule we use this word in the sence of "chance". However we need to remember that chance can be associated with negativity. Examples of risks are confined spaces, akward positions, protruding objects and etc. But also risks can be associated with positivity and make our life colourful, give something new.

What does "Danger" mean? 

We use the word "Danger" with the sense of catastrophe and it`s usually employed by people when they are describing situations when someone can come under harm. Danger most of the time speaks about physical harm that can come to a person. You must have seen danger sings near lakes or river that are too deep.

Difference between word "Risk" and "Danger":

The word risk used in the sense of "chance"

The word danger used in the sense of "catastrophe"

I hope this video will help you!)